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Fiscal Receipts

Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo

What it is
Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo (1206616SF) is an Air Force research & development line funded in the Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space Force account. Its J-book detail breaks the line into 6 projects.
What changed
-$130.3M FY25→26 R-1 TOA · PB2026
Who gets it
No company is linked to this line. Award records do not carry the program element, so the crosswalk is silent here — why.

Budget figures

FY24 Actuals
$220.7MR-1 TOA · PB2026
FY25 Total
$261.5MR-1 TOA · PB2026
FY26 Request
$131.2MR-1 TOA · PB2026
FY25→26 Change
-$130.3MR-1 TOA · PB2026
Data coverage

FY2026 award data is a partial year — USAspending reports awards on a rolling basis, and this corpus runs through 2026-09-04. why partial FY2026 data? →

Budget trajectory

The program's 3 summary figures for FY24 to FY26, plotted in fiscal-year order: this line ends lower than it starts. The points are the summary cards above, not a separate derivation; the table beside the chart carries each figure with its own citation.
The program's 3 summary figures for FY24 to FY26, plotted in fiscal-year order: this line ends lower than it starts. The points are the summary cards above, not a separate derivation; the table beside the chart carries each figure with its own citation.FY24: $220.7MFY25: $261.5MFY26: $131.2MFY24FY25FY26
Budget trajectory: one row per fiscal year, carrying the summary figure the sparkline plots. Every figure opens its own citation.
Fiscal yearAmount
FY24$220.7M
FY25$261.5M
FY26$131.2M

All series figures: R-1 TOA · PB2026

Decade view

P-1/R-1 workbook TOA basis, shown compact in $B/$M (the workbook records USD thousands); each figure cites its own President's Budget edition

7 fiscal years of this program as published (FY2020–FY2026): a line through the actuals (filled dots), with the enacted (hollow circles) and request (diamonds) markers each edition reported. Read it for direction, not for precision — this program's actuals line rises across the span. The grid below is the same data as text, one cited figure per cell.
7 fiscal years of this program as published (FY2020–FY2026): a line through the actuals (filled dots), with the enacted (hollow circles) and request (diamonds) markers each edition reported. Read it for direction, not for precision — this program's actuals line rises across the span. The grid below is the same data as text, one cited figure per cell.FY2020 actuals — PB2022 editionFY2021 actuals — PB2023 editionFY2022 actuals — PB2024 editionFY2023 actuals — PB2025 editionFY2024 actuals — PB2026 editionFY2021 enacted — PB2022 editionFY2022 enacted — PB2023 editionFY2023 enacted — PB2024 editionFY2024 enacted — PB2025 editionFY2025 enacted — PB2026 editionFY2022 request — PB2022 editionFY2023 request — PB2023 editionFY2024 request — PB2024 editionFY2025 request — PB2025 editionFY2026 request — PB2026 editionFY20FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25FY26

The vertical scale does not start at zero: the baseline sits just below this program’s smallest year, so a low point on this line is not a small amount. Read the shape for direction and the grid below for the figures.

● actuals (line)  ·  ○ enacted  ·  ◇ request — gaps are editions the program is absent from, never interpolated.

Decade series values by fiscal year and President's Budget edition: one row per series (actuals, enacted, request), one column per fiscal year. Every figure opens its own citation.
SeriesFY20FY21FY22FY23FY24FY25FY26
Actuals$0$0$227.5M$157.7M$220.7M
Enacted–$0$238.6M$167.4M$110.0M$261.5M
Request––$76.7M$106.2M$110.0M$138.3M$131.2M

blank = series not published for this year; – = absent from that edition.

Asked vs spent: the PB2022 book requested $76.7M for FY2022; the PB2024 book reported $227.5M as actual total obligation authority — $150.8M above the request. 227.5 − 76.7 = 150.8 USD millions — the compact figures above are rounded for reading.

Program lineage

Predecessors (funding flowed in)

  • realigned from · per FY2026 J-book · BA3
    show sentence
    “This thrust was realigned under US Space Force Account 3620, Program 1206616SF Advanced Technology Development (ATD), Project 630321 Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities:”
This program
1206616SF — Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo

Family Funding Line

Funding chain: 0603032F1206616SF — Future AF Integrated Technology Demos

See this family in the lineage map →

Description

Mission — Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo

This program focuses on five major areas. First, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, practices to accelerate moving emerging technologies into the hands of the warfighter. Second, the integrated space technology demonstrations project is a series of advanced technology demonstrations designed to address mission needs by applying emerging technologies from the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), other United States government laboratories, and industry. This project also includes multi-domain enabling technologies such as modeling and simulation, agile software development, advanced materials and process, and manufacturing and processes to reduce transition risk. Third, the program focuses on ground-based optical space situational awareness technology development and demonstration at the Maui Space Surveillance System in Hawaii, as well as the operation and upgrade of the facility. Fourth, the program develops and demonstrates advanced and innovative low-cost high performance space access and satellite propulsion technologies and components. The last major area, spacecraft vehicles, focuses on developing technologies for next-generation space communications terminals and equipment. Efforts in this program have been coordinated through the Department of Defense Science and Technology Executive Committee process to harmonize efforts and eliminate duplication. This program is executed by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL). AFRL is focused on high-impact, multi-domain science and technology (S&T) solutions that propel innovation today and support the Air and Space Force in securing dominance in future operational environments. AFRL effectively aligns the Department of the Air Force (DAF) S&T enterprise and workforce towards the most consequential DAF priorities to accelerate the delivery of game-changing S&T. This program includes funding for the requisite DAF Science & Engineering (S&E) and mission enabling civilian workforce with the necessary technical competencies to develop, manage, and deliver science & technology capabilities. The execution of Space Force S&T depends on AFRL support funded through DAF (Air and Space Force) RDT&E program elements: 1206601SF, 1206616SF, 0601102F, 0602020F, 0602102F, 0602202F, 0602203F, 0602204F, 0602298F, 0602336F, 0602602F, 0602605F, 0602788F, and 0603680F. In FY 2026, $5.328 million is budgeted in this program for 23 direct Full-Time Equivalent (FTE) civilians. The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) utilizes 10 USC 4091, "Authorities for certain positions at science and technology reinvention laboratories” to manage the workforce strength, structure, positions, and compensation. In order to manage, execute, and deliver science and technology capabilities, this program element may include: necessary civilian pay expenses; expenses to support the operation and maintenance of facilities; as well as expenses related to travel, supplies, IT hardware, software and support, administrative contractor services, etc. This program is in Budget Activity 3, Advanced Technology Development because this budget activity includes development of subsystems and components and efforts to integrate subsystems and components into system prototypes for field experiments and/or tests in a simulated environment.

Mission — Space Survivability & Surveillance

$2.591 million was erroneously programmed into Budget Activity (BA) 02, PE 1206616SF (Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo), Project 621010 (Space Survivability and Surveillance). This funding will be realigned USSF RDT&E Budget Activity (BA) 03, PE 1206616SF, (Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo), Project 634868, (Maui Space Surveillance System) for proper execution following enactment. This program is in Budget Activity 2, Applied Research because this budget activity includes studies, investigations, and non-system specific technology efforts directed toward general military needs with a view toward developing and evaluating the feasibility and practicality of proposed solutions and determining their parameters.

Mission — Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities

This Project is a concentrated effort to improve Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) business practices to accelerate moving emerging technologies into the hands of the warfighter. Vanguard efforts draw the operational, acquisitions, and technology communities together into coherent teams to solve the hard Science & Technology (S&T) problems based on Department of the Air Force (DAF) strategic priorities which do not have readily available emerging technology solutions. Teams follow a disciplined process tailorable to accelerate efforts as deemed necessary by the department. This process (known as WARTECH, for WARfighter / TECHnologist) leverages discrete progress gates to deliver S&T efforts organized as Vanguard Pathfinders, Vanguard Prospects, and Vanguards. This construct organizes these multi-disciplinary, capability-focused investments based on characteristics such as effort maturity, established military utility, technical viability and transitionability. Each have built-in off-ramps to promote transition. The process is overseen by an Executive Committee.

Mission — Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations

This project is a series of advanced technology demonstrations designed to address mission needs by applying emerging technologies from the Air Force Research Laboratory, other United States government laboratories, and industry. These technologies are integrated into system-level demonstrations that are used to test, evaluate, and validate the technologies in a relevant environment. This project includes the development and demonstration of programs addressing Department of the Air Force (DAF) capability gaps and provides technologies for transformational future force capabilities. Transformational efforts will be identified through a competitive process and be responsive to DAF design priorities. Selected efforts will be designated as transformational, indicating enterprise-level priority.

Mission — Maui Space Surveillance System

This program funds ground-based optical space situational awareness technology development and demonstration at the Maui Space Surveillance System (MSSS) in Hawaii, as well as the operation and upgrade of the experimental equipment and facilities. Efforts in this program have been coordinated through the Department of Defense Science and Technology Executive Committee process to harmonize efforts and eliminate duplication.

Mission — Space & Missile Rocket Propulsion

This project develops and demonstrates advanced liquid rocket engine technologies, components, engines, and integrated systems for launch vehicles. Characteristics such as environmental acceptability, affordability, reliability, responsiveness, reduced weight, and reduced operation and launch costs are emphasized. The objective is to reduce costs, simplify manufacturability, increase performance and life/reusability, as well as payload lift capability. Additionally, this project investigates and demonstrates technologies that will improve responsiveness and resiliency of space access systems and launch infrastructure. This project also develops and demonstrates solar electric, electric, chemical, and advanced propulsion technologies, for station-keeping, repositioning, and orbit transfer for satellites and satellite constellations. This effort develops technologies for flexible, responsive in-space maneuver in all orbit regimes. These technologies are critical to expanding Space Force's capability to deliver capabilities resiliently and responsively in, to, and through space. This project further develops and demonstrates the next generation of physics-based modeling, simulation, and analysis (MS&A) tools for rapid and agile space access and in-space propulsion design, analysis, and production, as well as the digital engineering concepts to manage the entire process of design, test, and validation of space access and in-space systems. This project secures National Unique Testing Assets, providing unmatched capabilities that underpin technological leadership and ensure the safety and security of our nation. All efforts in this project contribute to the sustainment and growth of the space and rocket propulsion industry, providing space access and in-space propulsion technology for the entire Department of Defense (DoD). Technologies under this project enable capabilities of interest to DoD, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and growing Space community. The efforts in this project are reviewed by a DoD level steering committee annually for relevance to DoD missions, and the associated support costs.

Mission — Spacecraft Vehicles

This project develops and demonstrates technologies critical to addressing documented military satellite communications capability gaps and top-ranked United States Space Force (USSF) and/or Space Systems Command (SSC) technology needs.

Justification

Accomplishments & Planned Programs (19)

Maui Civilian Pay

Maui Civilian Pay

Rocket Cargo

This effort is not a new start. In FY 2026, the Rocket Cargo effort and associated funding transferred within this Program Element from Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. The Vanguard, Rocket Cargo, is a Science and Technology (S&T) effort to leverage the multi-billion dollars of commercial investments in large reusable launch vehicles to extend the commercial rocket capabilities and create a novel DOD solution for global reach. DAF S&T efforts and resources are focused on the specific areas that are unique to military transport applications. The S&T objective is to determine the viability, performance, military utility, and business case of the commercial rocket capability. Potential investigation activities will include detailed mission and cost analyses, investigation of the harsh rocket plume interactions with landing surfaces, evaluation of rocket landing capabilities at austere sites, and human factors at landing sites. Investments will also determine the ability to airdrop cargo after reentry, will assess in-flight communications to the rocket, will test cargo environments and novel cargo "loadmaster” designs for rapid load/unload, and will evaluate rocket detectability and vulnerability.

Navigation Technology Satellite 3 (NTS-3)

This effort is not a new start. In FY 2026, the Navigation Technology Satellite 3 (NTS-3) effort and associated funding transferred within this Program Element from Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. The Vanguard, Navigation Technology Satellite 3, develops and demonstrates advanced space-based navigation system technologies to provide resilient navigation support in contested environments. The demonstration includes a space-based test vehicle, ground-based enterprise command and control, and agile software defined receivers for the user.

Payload Delivery System

This effort is not a new start. In FY 2026, the Payload Delivery Systems effort and funding transferred within this Program Element from Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations, sub effort under the Transformational Technology Development effort to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. The Vanguard Prospect Payload Delivery System is a Spacedrop Demonstration which expands upon the Rocket Cargo Vanguard, which leveraged the multi-billion-dollar commercial investments in large reusable launch vehicles to extend the commercial rocket capabilities and create a novel DOD solution for global reach. While Rocket Cargo S&T explored downmass and cargo delivery via rocket re-entry, this effort will investigate cargo downmass and delivery via capsule spacedrop and re-entry. The re-entry capsule approach has potential for increased cargo mass per launch and a broad diversity of launch solutions from medium-lift to super-heavy lift launch vehicles. The capsule S&T is inherently multi-disciplinary and multi-domain across air and space. Note: This effort is dual funded (USAF and USSF) starting in FY 2026. The scope shown here includes all the scope (both USAF and USSF) as both funding lines contribute to that scope. The funding shown here is only the USSF funding. The USAF funding can be found in USAF PE 0603032F, Future AF Integrated Technology Demos.

Transformational Technology Development

This effort is not a new start. In FY 2026, the Transformational Technology Development effort and associated funding transferred within this Program Element from Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. This effort will continue transformational technology development. The Department of the Air Force (DAF) needs to provide game-changing leap-ahead capabilities to meet future force designs. This effort identifies transformational science and technology investment opportunities through the WARfighter- TECHnologist (WARTECH) process. The WARTECH process enables the DAF enterprise to collaboratively translate future force design priorities and requirements into targeted USSF science and technology investments. WARTECH accelerates capability development and responds to emerging technology opportunities by supporting integrated concept exploration. These investments support activities such as mission thread analyses to demonstrate military utility and software and hardware feasibility assessments. Select efforts will evolve into either a Vanguard Pathfinder to allow for further assessment and maturation or be designated a Vanguard Prospect or Vanguard indicating enterprise-level priority.

Integrated Satellite Demonstrations

Mature space technology and deliver capabilities that deter war, support the joint all-domain fight, and if called upon, dominate conflicts in and from space. Advance technologies to enhance timeliness, performance, capacity, agility, and resilience of US and allied space capabilities for transition to Program Executive Offices and to anchor future force designs. Perform end-to-end space system technology development and experimentation from ground segment development to satellite assembly, integration, and test to support multiple Department of the Air Force mission areas. Leverage first-of-a-kind space system expertise and capabilities to directly support programs across the national security space enterprise, reduce technical risk, and increase return on investment for emerging operational systems.

Transformational Technology Development

In FY 2026, the Transformational Technology Development effort and associated funding will transfer within this Program Element to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. This effort initiates new and continue existing transformational technology development. The Department of the Air Force (DAF) needs to provide game-changing leap-ahead capabilities to meet future force designs. This effort identifies transformational science and technology investment opportunities through the WARfighter- TECHnologist (WARTECH) process. The WARTECH process enables the DAF enterprise to collaboratively translate future force design priorities and requirements into targeted USSF science and technology investments. WARTECH accelerates capability development and responds to emerging technology opportunities by supporting integrated concept exploration. These investments support activities such as mission thread analyses to demonstrate military utility and software and hardware feasibility assessments. Select efforts will evolve into either a Vanguard Pathfinder to allow for further assessment and maturation or be designated a Vanguard Prospect or Vanguard indicating enterprise-level priority.

Rocket Cargo

In the FY 2024 appropriation and FY 2025 enactment, the USSF S&T Vanguard efforts and associated activities, including Rocket Cargo and Navigation Technology Satellite 3 (NTS-3), were Congressionally directed transferred from RDT&E, AF, PE 603020F, Future AF Integrated Technology Demos to PE 1206616SF, Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo, Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations. In FY 2026, the Rocket Cargo effort and associated funding transferred within this Program Element to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities. The Vanguard, Rocket Cargo, is a Science and Technology (S&T) effort to leverage the multi-billion dollars of commercial investments in large reusable launch vehicles to extend the commercial rocket capabilities and create a novel DOD solution for global reach. DAF S&T efforts and resources are focused on the specific areas that are unique to military transport applications. The S&T objective is to determine the viability, performance, military utility, and business case of the commercial rocket capability. Potential investigation activities will include detailed mission and cost analyses, investigation of the harsh rocket plume interactions with landing surfaces, evaluation of rocket landing capabilities at austere sites, and human factors at landing sites. Investments will also determine the ability to airdrop cargo after reentry, will assess in-flight communications to the rocket, will test cargo environments and novel cargo "loadmaster” designs for rapid load/unload, and will evaluate rocket detectability and vulnerability.

Navigation Technology Satellite 3 (NTS-3)

In the FY 2024 appropriation and FY 2025 enactment, the USSF S&T Vanguard efforts and associated activities, including Rocket Cargo and NTS-3, were Congressionally directed transferred from RDT&E, AF, PE 603020F, Future AF Integrated Technology Demos to PE 1206616SF, Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo, Project 633834, Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations. In FY 2026, the Navigation Technology Satellite (NTS-3) effort and associated funding will transfer within this Program Element to Project 630321, Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities, to provide increased transparency and traceability of USSF S&T Vanguard and WARTECH efforts and activities.

Modeling and Simulation Tools for Space Applications

Provide modeling, simulation, and analysis for technology evolution in space-based terrestrial surveillance systems, precision navigation and timing, space domain awareness, satellite communications, space environment monitoring, and space control payloads.

Agile Space Operations Technology

Develop, provide, and leverage agile software development platforms and pipelines that support pain point identification and rapid software application prototyping, operational evaluation, operator/Guardian effectiveness, and certification in support of USSF operators in collaboration with commercial partners.

Orbital Prime

SpaceWERX Orbital Prime will transition agile, affordable, and accelerated space capabilities, reducing risk to the global commons to rapidly field In-space Servicing, Assembly, Manufacturing (ISAM) capabilities.

Cislunar Space Situational Awareness

Develops and delivers technologies that increase space situational awareness (SSA) capabilities in cislunar space, beyond 10X Geosynchronous Orbit, capable of detecting, tracking and maintaining custody of objects that are challenging to observe using traditional Space Surveillance Network (SSN) transiting in the Earth-Moon corridor.

Manufacturing for Space Systems

Develop and transition technologies to reduce cost and improve acquisition timelines through manufacturing innovations of advanced technologies for Department of the Air Force space and multi-domain applications.

Advanced Materials for Spacecraft Resilience

Develop advanced materials and technologies for spacecraft structures, mission-systems, and payloads to ensure survivability and mission effectiveness from electro-magnetic spectrum threats and hazards. These technologies are applicable to spacecraft at all orbital regimes and supports numerous programs of record (PoRs) spanning multiple government agencies. They are synchronized with related air-domain efforts executed in 3600: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Air Force; Program 0603112F/Advanced Materials for Weapon Systems, Project 632100/Laser Hardened Materials.

Operate and Upgrade Maui Space Surveillance System

Operate and upgrade the Maui Space Surveillance System (MSSS) to support development, demonstration, and integration of ground-based optical space domain awareness technologies for use in R&D, as well as for missions conducted by the Space Operations Command DELTA 2/15 Space Surveillance Squadron (SPoC/DEL2/15SPSS).

Space Access Propulsion Technologies

Develop and demonstrate liquid rocket propulsion technology for current and future space launch vehicles. Demonstrate technologies and concepts of operation supporting rapid launch capability.

Propulsion Integration and Demonstration

In FY 2026, this effort title changed from "Advanced On-Orbit Propulsion Technologies" to "Propulsion Integration and Demonstration" to better reflect its focus. Develop and demonstrate liquid rocket propulsion technology for current and future space launch vehicles. Demonstrate technologies and concepts of operation supporting space mobility. Develop and demonstrate solar electric, electric, and monopropellant on-orbit propulsion technologies for existing and future satellites, upper stages, orbit transfer vehicles, and satellite maneuvering for Space Power and Resilience. This work is critical to achieve space maneuverability in contested space environments.

Space Communication Technologies

Develop technologies for next-generation space communications terminals and equipment, along with methods/techniques to enable future space system operational command and control concepts.

Budget line items(workbook-cited)

P-1/R-1 workbook Total Obligation Authority basis (USD thousands) · PB2026.

Exhibit R-1

AccountOrgTypeAmount
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY24 Actuals$220.7M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY25 Enacted$261.5M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY25 Total$261.5M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY26 Disc. Request$2.59M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY26 Disc. Request$128.6M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY26 Total$2.59M
Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation, Space ForceFFY26 Total$128.6M

Budget Details(R-2/P-40 facts)

J-book detail basis (R-2/P-40, USD millions) · PB2026 — a different accounting basis from the P-1/R-1 workbook TOA above; where the two disagree, the reconciliation strip under Budget figures shows both.

Wider than this screen — swipe the table sideways for the remaining fiscal-year columns.

ProjectAll Prior YearsFY24 ActualsFY25 TotalFY26 BaseFY26 Request
Program Element — line 1$0$0$0$2.59M$2.59M
621010: Space Survivability & Surveillance$0$0$0$2.59M$2.59M
630321: Space Warfighter Technologist Capabilities$0$0$0$36.0M$36.0M
633834: Integrated Space Technology Demonstrations$0$145.4M$220.3M$41.6M$41.6M
634868: Maui Space Surveillance System$0$20.1M$20.9M$29.1M$29.1M
634922: Space & Missile Rocket Propulsion$0$50.3M$15.3M$16.9M$16.9M
63682J: Spacecraft Vehicles$0$4.80M$5.00M$4.98M$4.98M
Program Element — line 2—$220.7M$261.5M$128.6M$128.6M

Follow the dollar

No follow-the-dollar view — this program's awards haven't been crosswalked at high confidence (flows cover 312 of 1,938 programs). why coverage is partial? →

Awards

No awards are linked to this program element at high or medium confidence — the budget→award crosswalk only asserts links it can defend, and this line has none yet.

Lobbying mentions

No Senate LDA lobbying filing in the tracked data mentions this program element by code or alias.

Oversight

Department-level designation (not specific to this program)

GAO lists 5 high-risk areas for DOD as a whole. That designation covers the department, not Space Advanced Technology Development/Demo. No program-specific GAO finding for this line is in the ingested data. See the DOD oversight record.

Program dossier

No research dossier for this program — dossiers cover 50 of 1,938 programs, the largest fully J-book-detailed lines by FY2026 requested dollars. why no dossier here? →

Primary sources

Open any budget figure for its exact receipt. Verified line items lead with the highlighted government PDF; original spreadsheets download with their budget edition and exhibit in the filename.

Budget totals · TOA sources

Detailed budget justification

The related TOA spreadsheets above use a different accounting basis from R-2/P-40 detail. Their amounts are not assumed to match these detailed sources.