Printed from https://fiscalreceipts.com/program/0604258A/ — built September 26, 2026. Every figure is citation-backed; see the page online for per-number provenance.
Target Systems Development
Budget figures
FY2026 award data is a partial year — USAspending reports awards on a rolling basis, and this corpus runs through 2026-09-04. why partial FY2026 data? →
Budget trajectory
| Fiscal year | Amount |
|---|---|
| FY24 | $33.9M |
| FY25 | $27.8M |
| FY26 | $16.0M |
All series figures: R-1 TOA · PB2026
Decade view
P-1/R-1 workbook TOA basis, shown compact in $B/$M (the workbook records USD thousands); each figure cites its own President's Budget edition
The vertical scale does not start at zero: the baseline sits just below this program’s smallest year, so a low point on this line is not a small amount. Read the shape for direction and the grid below for the figures.
● actuals (line) · ○ enacted · ◇ request — gaps are editions the program is absent from, never interpolated.
| Series | FY15 | FY16 | FY17 | FY18 | FY19 | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | FY26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Actuals | $9.78M | $16.2M | $18.5M | $13.5M | $31.3M | $28.0M | $35.3M | $41.8M | $53.4M | $33.9M | ||
| Enacted | $16.7M | $19.1M | $13.9M | $32.1M | $28.3M | $35.3M | $42.4M | $64.1M | $11.9M | $27.8M | ||
| Request | $19.1M | $13.9M | $12.1M | $8.33M | $10.7M | $17.4M | $19.1M | $11.9M | $15.8M | $16.0M |
blank = series not published for this year; – = absent from that edition.
Asked vs spent: the PB2023 book requested $19.1M for FY2023; the PB2025 book reported $53.4M as actual total obligation authority — $34.3M above the request. 53.4 − 19.1 = 34.3 USD millions — the compact figures above are rounded for reading.
Program lineage
No predecessor/successor lineage was recorded for this program element — no FY-to-FY transfer into or out of this line was stated in the ingested J-books, and none was inferred from the program structure.
Description
Mission — Target Systems Development
This funding line supports testing of Army Modernization Priority Programs. This Program Element funds aerial and ground target hardware and software development, maintenance, and upgrades. The overall objective is to ensure validation of weapon system accuracy and reliability by developing aerial and ground targets essential for test and evaluation (T&E). These targets are economical and expendable, remotely controlled or stationary, and often destroyed in use. The Army is the Tri-Service lead under the Secretariat Reliance panel for providing rotary wing, mobile ground, towed, and designated targets for T&E. The Army executes development of some service-peculiar target requirements in support of quality assurance, lot acceptance, and training and continues development of service-peculiar and on-going target materiel upgrades to maintain continuity with current weapons technology and trends in modern and evolving Army weapons. The FY 2026 request was reduced by $0.22 million for Advisory and Assistance Services to promote efficiencies and advance the policies of the Administration in alignment with Executive Order 14222, "Implementing the President's Department of Government Efficiency Cost Efficiency Initiative."
Mission — Aerial Targets
This Project supports Army readiness and Multi-Domain Operations through the development, acquisition, operation, and modernization of aerial targets. Multi-spectral Aerial Targets include realistic surrogates, actual high-performance threat aircraft, and virtual target computer models. Current and emerging weapons systems require test, evaluation, and training using threat-representative aerial targets to assess weapons system's effectiveness in the operational environment. This project encompasses a portfolio of full-scale, miniature, and subscale fixed-wing/rotary-wing targets, virtual targets, ancillary devices, and associated control systems. For accurate threat portrayal that properly stresses weapons systems during test and evaluation, aerial targets must exhibit flight characteristics, threat signatures, and other performance factors to represent or emulate relevant and validated threats. This Project funds: the long-range planning necessary to determine future target needs and development of coordinated requirements; the management of target research, development, test and evaluation, production, and modernization; execution of the validation process to ensure that aerial targets accurately represent the threat; as well as storage and repair parts. The Army is the Test Enterprise Reliance lead for Rotary Wing Targets and Towed Target development.
Mission — Ground Targets
This Project funds Army efforts to support the test and evaluation (T&E) of advanced weapon systems and supports Army Modernization, Multi-Domain Operations, and Tri-Service readiness by developing ground target surrogates, acquiring foreign equipment, and developing virtual target computer models of ground vehicle targets. These products are required to adequately stress weapon systems undergoing T&E. The United States Army is the Tri-Service lead for providing mobile ground targets for T&E. This tasking includes long-range planning to determine future target needs and development of coordinated requirement documents; the centralized management of the ground target research, development, test and evaluation processes; execution of the validation process; acquisition of foreign equipment; and continuing maintenance, storage, and development/enhancement/update via engineering services of developed and acquired targets to ensure availability for T&E customers. This project also manages the use of current assets and operates a centralized spare parts program.
Justification
Accomplishments & Planned Programs (9)
Towed Targets/Ancillary devices.
Engineering & Manufacturing Development phase activities for Towed Targets/Ancillary Devices.
Aerial Virtual Targets.
Supports the research and development of Aerial Virtual Targets. Virtual Targets are employed by multiple Department of Defense agencies and weapon systems to facilitate simulations for Developmental and Operational Test planning, rehearsal, post-test analysis, hardware-in-the-loop testing, and execution of test events that are too costly or difficult to be conducted under actual field conditions.
Army Ground Aerial Target Control System (AGATCS).
Engineering & Manufacturing Development (EMD) phase activities for the Army Ground Aerial Target Control System in support of a modern current technology target control system for control of subscale and full-scale aerial, surface (ground/seaborne), Small Unmanned Aerial System (SUAS) and rotary wing targets.
Unmanned Aerial System - Target (UAS-T).
Technical updates and life cycle management activities for the UAS-T and commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) platforms to provide Threat representative support for test and experimentation missions. Includes technical support for development, demonstration, integration of payloads, and technical oversight of the targets' acquisition and ground support equipment.
High Speed Aerial Target (HSAT).
Funds the EMD phase for the replacement of the aging MQM-107 with the new BQM-167A to provide a realistic aerial target capable of simulating the performance of enemy aircraft; technical and life cycle management activities for equipment, to include engineering change proposals, technology obsolescence, and safety and system data documentation for the High-Speed Aerial Target. The program requires technical support for investigation, demonstration, and integration of a more economical target. Technical oversight of the replacement targets' acquisition along with Ground Support Equipment (GSE) and other activities related to getting it operational is essential; provides a realistic aerial target capable of simulating the performance of enemy aircraft to aid in the research, development, test, and evaluation of weapons systems and aid in training operational units employing production missile systems.
Mobile Ground Target Operations (MGTO)
Mobile Ground Target Operations (MGTO) provides oversight of five Primary Operating Centers including operation, storage, maintenance, repair, safety, and configuration management. The objective of the MGTO effort is to support the testing community as fully, efficiently, and effectively as possible. The MGTO centrally manages a fleet of foreign threat ground vehicles while maintaining the foreign integrity of the assets.
Mobile Ground Targets Hardware (MGTH)
Mobile Ground Targets Hardware (MGTH) provides the maintenance and sustainment of ground threat maneuver forces, validated threat representative electronic warfare, and command, control, and communications capability supporting Army operational test and evaluation.
Ground Virtual Targets
Ground Virtual Targets are employed by multiple Department of Defense agencies and weapon systems to facilitate simulations for developmental and operational test planning, rehearsal, post-test analysis, hardware-in-the-loop testing, and execution of test events that are too costly or difficult to be conducted under actual field conditions.
Low Cost Ground Targets
This proof-of-concept utilizes lower-cost Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology to demonstrate the feasibility of replicating a scalable, diverse, high-density Radio Frequency (RF) environment capable of supporting Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) within cost constraints. This proposed solution develops low-cost/low-risk radar solutions to emulate adversary high-dense RF environments using components developed for SDRs, coupled with available antennas and Commercial-Off-the-Shelf products to demonstrate operations. The SDR-based radar systems have been employed mainly in military operations, like target detection, target recognition, surveillance, and other specific applications, such as meteorology and air traffic control. However, in recent years, large-scale commercial applications are driving standard radar system operations at significant cost reductions with increased adaptability. Therefore, Software Defined Radar (SDRadar) represents new challenges in radar technology given the possibility of performing basic operations (i.e. mixing, filtering, modulation, and demodulation) by simply employing software modules to eliminate much of the radar specific processing hardware. The main goal of a software defined approach is related not only to a clear cost reduction, but also to a significant increase of the versatility of the system, since signal generation and signal processing parameters may be easily adapted to the task under consideration. Integration into test and training range and Home Station networks, such as the Threat Battle Command Force, provides significant Integrated Air Defense Systems capability utilizing multiple units. This program supports U.S. Army acquisition ability to adequately stress weapon systems undergoing both Developmental and Operational Tests, as well as Live, Virtual, and Constructive training. The low-cost systems emulate known threat radars across multiple radar bands and develop as many emitters as possible to create a dense, RF environment.
Budget line items(workbook-cited)
P-1/R-1 workbook Total Obligation Authority basis (USD thousands) · PB2026.
Exhibit R-1
| Account | Org | Type | Amount |
|---|---|---|---|
| Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army | A | FY24 Actuals | $33.9M |
| Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army | A | FY25 Enacted | $27.8M |
| Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army | A | FY25 Total | $27.8M |
| Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army | A | FY26 Disc. Request | $16.0M |
| Research, Development, Test and Evaluation, Army | A | FY26 Total | $16.0M |
Budget Details(R-2/P-40 facts)
J-book detail basis (R-2/P-40, USD millions) · PB2026 — a different accounting basis from the P-1/R-1 workbook TOA above; where the two disagree, the reconciliation strip under Budget figures shows both.
Wider than this screen — swipe the table sideways for the remaining fiscal-year columns.
| Project | FY24 Actuals | FY25 Total | FY26 Base | FY26 Request |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Program Element | $33.9M | $27.8M | $16.0M | $16.0M |
| 238: Aerial Targets | $30.6M | $24.5M | $12.5M | $12.5M |
| 459: Ground Targets | $3.33M | $3.33M | $3.54M | $3.54M |
Follow the dollar
No follow-the-dollar view — this program's awards haven't been crosswalked at high confidence (flows cover 312 of 1,938 programs). why coverage is partial? →
Awards
No awards are linked to this program element at high or medium confidence — the budget→award crosswalk only asserts links it can defend, and this line has none yet.
Lobbying mentions
No Senate LDA lobbying filing in the tracked data mentions this program element by code or alias.
Oversight
Department-level designation (not specific to this program)
GAO lists 5 high-risk areas for DOD as a whole. That designation covers the department, not Target Systems Development. No program-specific GAO finding for this line is in the ingested data. See the DOD oversight record.
Program dossier
No research dossier for this program — dossiers cover 50 of 1,938 programs, the largest fully J-book-detailed lines by FY2026 requested dollars. why no dossier here? →
Primary sources
Open any budget figure for its exact receipt. Verified line items lead with the highlighted government PDF; original spreadsheets download with their budget edition and exhibit in the filename.
Budget totals · TOA sources
FY2026 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J174
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2026_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2017 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J140
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2017_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2018 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J155
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2018_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2019 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J155
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2019_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2020 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J179
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2020_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2021 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J188
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2021_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2022 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J165
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2022_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2023 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J164
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2023_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2024 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J163
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2024_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
FY2025 Department of Defense Budget: RDT&E Programs (R-1) · comptroller.war.gov
Exhibit R-1 · J165
Complete workbook · unchanged saved copy. Saves as PB2025_DoD_R-1_Research-Development-Test-Evaluation.xlsx.
Detailed budget justification
The related TOA spreadsheets above use a different accounting basis from R-2/P-40 detail. Their amounts are not assumed to match these detailed sources.
RDTE - Vol 4 - Budget Activity 6 · www.asafm.army.mil
PDF page 42